Practical Handbook: Types of laboratory fume hoods

Laboratory ventilation is an indispensable part of laboratory design. In order to prevent laboratory workers from inhaling or swallowing some toxic, pathogenic or unknown chemicals and organisms, there should be good ventilation in the laboratory. In order to prevent the absorption of some vapors, gases and particulates (smoke, soot, dust and air suspension), contaminants must be removed using a fume hood, ventilation hood or local ventilation.
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The fume hood is the most commonly used local exhaust equipment in the laboratory. There are a variety of types. Due to its different structure and different conditions of use, its exhaust effect is also different. The good performance of the fume hood depends mainly on the speed of air movement through the fume hood.

There are six types of fume hoods used in the laboratory:

① Item-drawing fume hood: This type of fume hood is characterized by simple structure and convenient manufacturing, suitable for occasions where heat is generated.

②Slit-type fume hood: The slit-type fume hood is equipped with exhaust slits on the top and the back side, which can obtain good results in various working conditions. But the structure is more complicated and the production is more troublesome.

③ Bypass type fume hood: When the laboratory considers the range fume hood to exclude indoor air, it is ideal to use this type of fume hood, because when the door is fully closed, it does not affect the amount of indoor ventilation.

④Supply-air fume hood: For laboratories with air conditioning systems or clean laboratories, it is ideal to use this type of fume hood, which not only saves energy, but also does not affect the indoor airflow organization.

⑤Natural ventilation type fume hood: The advantage is that it does not consume electricity; it can continuously ventilate day and night (the measured indoor ventilation can be up to 6 times / h), which is beneficial to indoor ventilation; no noise and vibration; because there is no mechanical equipment, it is easy to maintain ; Simple structure and low cost. However, its use is restricted by certain conditions. Experiments with high toxicity and no heat generation should not be used, and some rooms should not be used in summer.

⑥Mobile fume hood: In the modern laboratory building, a general laboratory (experiment hall) is sometimes arranged, in which the experimental workbench, basin fume hood and other equipment can be moved at any time, and can be pushed into the neighborhood when not in use Storage room. This fume hood should be made of wood, plastic or light metal for easy movement.